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SpaceX’s Crew Dragon flawlessly docks with space station in spectacular orbital debut

SpaceX's Crew Dragon docked to the International Space Station several minutes early after a flawless approach. (NASA)

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6 years ago

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Nearly half a decade and millions of hours of work have finally paid off after SpaceX’s Crew Dragon pulled off a flawless orbital debut, launching atop the first crew-rated Falcon 9 and docking with the International Space Station (ISS) a little over 24 hours later.

For what CEO Elon Musk described as a spacecraft with barely a part shared with the company’s already operational Cargo Dragon, such an unremarkable (in terms of surprises) launch debut is a massive achievement that speaks directly to the success of the NASA-SpaceX partnership and the exhaustive design, testing, and optimization directed at Crew Dragon. Having now completed two major trials – launch and docking – for DM-1, the spacecraft’s third and final hurdle will occur on March 8th when it attempts to safely return to Earth.

Beginning around 3:30 am and lasting til 10:45 am EST (08:30-15:45 UTC), SpaceX and NASA employees hosted live coverage of Crew Dragon’s inaugural visit to the International Space Station (ISS), a process that included multiple demonstrations of the spacecraft’s ability to approach, halt, and reverse. Almost ten minutes ahead of schedule, Crew Dragon successfully docked with the ISS in a first for SpaceX, having previously only conducted berthings with its Cargo Dragon vehicle.

 

Having also debuted a previously untested docking adapter (the International Docking Adapter, IDA), the Station’s three astronauts worked to open Dragon’s hatch, a task which they completed an hour or two after “capture”. This was rapidly followed by the astronauts entering SpaceX’s Crew Dragon, another historic first for the crew-rated spacecraft. They were greeted by Ripley (also known as Starwoman) and what Anne McClain described as small Earth, the stuffed globe that was included partially as a joke and a “super high tech zero-g indicator” according to Musk. After determining that Crew Dragon’s atmosphere was non-toxic, the astronauts removed breathing masks and returned to the capsule’s interior to formally welcome it to the ISS as the world’s newest orbital spacecraft, as well as the first commercially-developed vehicle meant to carry humans into orbit.

While it may be unintuitive, the two dozen or so relatively slow and quiet hours that followed Crew Dragon’s launch were and remain far more important, and the spacecraft’s flawless on-orbit performance has thus far retired a huge number of concerns front and center for the first true launch of any spacecraft, let alone one designed specifically to carry astronauts and keep them safe. Thus far, Crew Dragon has done exactly that, approaching the ISS and docking with nary a hiccup, as if the rendezvous was the umpteenth and nothing out of the ordinary.

Technical achievements aside, the live coverage of Crew Dragon’s patient approach was perhaps some of the most spectacular and emotionally compelling content yet provided by SpaceX and NASA. At one point, as orbital sunset neared, a NASA ground controller requested that the spacecraft’s onboard spotlight be enabled to continue the docking approach, to which the SpaceX engineer hosting the webcast remarked on just how incredible and surreal it was to watch Crew Dragon methodically approach the station from less than 100 feet away. In fact, he had apparently spent “months” with that very same LED spotlight array on his desk, working to build, qualify, and test it to ensure that the light system was ready for spaceflight, just one of hundreds or thousands of seemingly minute details that one or several employees spent major portions of their lives working on.

 

Come launch and on-orbit operations, SpaceX and NASA employees across the US hung on this mission’s every step with a singular nervousness, focus, and pride that easily beat even the buzz that surrounded Falcon Heavy’s iconic launch debut. Humanity as a whole may have paid significantly less attention to Crew Dragon’s launch debut, but almost every SpaceX employee appeared readily cognizant of the fact that this mission symbolized something radically more important and more fundamental to the company. Founded to ultimately help humanity take permanent steps beyond Earth orbit, Crew Dragon’s thus far flawless debut brings SpaceX as close as its ever been to shouldering the heavy responsibility of launching humans into space, be they NASA astronauts, paying tourists, or Martian hopefuls.

If all continues to proceed apace, DM-1 will conclude with Crew Dragon’s first orbital-velocity reentry on March 8th. Pending that capsules refurbishment and an equally bug-free in-flight abort test NET April to June, SpaceX and NASA could conduct the first crewed launch of Crew Dragon less than six months from now in July 2019. Much work lies ahead and delays are undeniably possible (if not probably), but – as they say – so far, so good.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes!

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Eric Ralph is Teslarati's senior spaceflight reporter and has been covering the industry in some capacity for almost half a decade, largely spurred in 2016 by a trip to Mexico to watch Elon Musk reveal SpaceX's plans for Mars in person. Aside from spreading interest and excitement about spaceflight far and wide, his primary goal is to cover humanity's ongoing efforts to expand beyond Earth to the Moon, Mars, and elsewhere.

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SpaceX and Elon Musk explain potential reasons for Starship loss

Published

2 months ago

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January 17, 2025

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Credit: SpaceX

SpaceX and its CEO Elon Musk are starting to shed some light on the potential reasoning for the loss of Starship yesterday, which was lost after a successful launch and catch of the lower-stage booster.

Starship was lost during its ascension, and debris rained down over the Caribbean less than an hour after SpaceX lost all communication with the spacecraft.

A few hours after the launch was over, SpaceX started to shed some light after looking at preliminary data that the rocket left behind.

The company said that a fire developed in the aft section of Starship:

“Following stage separation, the Starship upper stage successfully lit all six Raptor engines and performed its ascent burn to space. Prior to the burn’s completion, telemetry was lost with the vehicle after approximately eight and a half minutes of flight. Initial data indicates a fire developed in the aft section of the ship, leading to a rapid unscheduled disassembly with debris falling into the Atlantic Ocean within the predefined hazard areas.”

Additionally, Musk said that there was some sort of oxygen or fuel leak in the cavity above the ship engine firewall.

The leak was evidently large enough to build more pressure than the vent was able to handle:

Some also seemed to recognize evidence of fires throughout the flight of Starship, which is obviously an anomaly:

There will be more information regarding the loss of Starship in the coming days and weeks, but Musk already believes that a bit of fire suppression and more volume in the cavity above the ship engine firewall could fix the issue.

“Nothing so far suggests pushing next launch past next month,” he said, so Flight 8 could happen sometime in February.

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SpaceX completes second catch of lower stage, but loses Starship

Published

2 months ago

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January 16, 2025

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Credit: SpaceX

SpaceX completed its seventh launch of Starship on Thursday, accomplishing a clean liftoff and catch of the first-stage booster. However, the upper stage was lost after its ascent.

The launch took place just a few minutes after 5 p.m. on the East Coast, as the first attempts at getting Starship in the air for the seventh time were delayed by weather both last week and this week.

Conditions were favorable on Thursday as SpaceX looked to follow up a successful campaign by Blue Origin, Jeff Bezos’s company, earlier today.

SpaceX went into the seventh Starship launch with plans for a catch attempt of the first-stage booster, something it attempted and completed during the fifth test launch last year. It decided to skip a catch attempt with the sixth test flight as conditions were not aligned.

For now, SpaceX is extremely selective as to when it attempts catches.

However, it was successful during this attempt, its second completed catch:

This flight differed from previous launches as SpaceX rolled out several improvements to the rocket and the processes as it featured plans to do a Starlink deployment simulation and had various adjustments to flap placement and avionics.

These plans were disrupted by the fact that SpaceX lost all communications with Starship about ten minutes into the flight, which the aerospace company confirmed was a result of losing the spacecraft sometime during its ascent.

Although the catch was successful, the loss of the actual rocket seemed to be a huge damper on the entire event. SpaceX confirmed several minutes after the loss of communications that the rocket was destroyed and was lost.

It was its first failure since the second Starship launch in November 2023. SpaceX had no answers for why the rocket was destroyed and lost.

We will keep you updated in the coming days.

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SpaceX confirms next Starship launch target – Here’s when it will take off

Published

2 months ago

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January 9, 2025

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spacex starship upper stage catch
Credit: Elon Musk | X

SpaceX has confirmed a new target date for the seventh Starship test launch after weather in Texas delayed the first scheduled date for “three or four days.”

The company is now targeting the launch for Monday, January 13, at 4 p.m. CST or 5 p.m. EST. The launch date is not set in stone as any variety of delays could impact this, but SpaceX hopes to finally take off after a delay that pushed it back from January 10.

What’s new with this Starship launch

With this being the seventh test launch of Starship, there are several things that the company will change and hope to accomplish. All of these launches are done in preparation for eventually taking flight to Mars, something that will happen next year, according to CEO Elon Musk.

First, SpaceX is rolling out a next-generation ship with “significant upgrades.” Forward flaps have been made smaller and are repositioned away from the heat shield, which will “reduce their exposure to reentry heating.”

SpaceX eyes 25 annual Starship launches starting next year

There is also a 25 percent increase in propellant volume, a new fuel feedline system for the Raptor vacuum engines, and a better-than-ever propulsion avionics module that will control the valves and reading sensors.

Avionics, as a whole, underwent a redesign and now have more capability and redundancy for missions as they become more complex.

Starlink test

SpaceX is also planning to deploy 10 Starlink simulators that are similar in size and weight to the next-generation Starlink satellites:

“While in space, Starship will deploy 10 Starlink simulators, similar in size and weight to next-generation Starlink satellites as the first exercise of a satellite deploy mission. The Starlink simulators will be on the same suborbital trajectory as Starship, with splashdown targeted in the Indian Ocean. A relight of a single Raptor engine while in space is also planned.”

Ship return and catch

There will be several experiments that have to do with returning Starship and various catch scenarios and sequences. One of which will see “a significant number of tiles be removed to stress-test vulnerable areas across the vehicle.”

The ship’s reentry profile was also intentionally designed to test the structural limits of the flaps while at the point of maximum dynamic pressure during reentry.

Currently, SpaceX did not detail whether it would attempt another catch during this test launch. These are usually game-time decisions.

Need accessories for your Tesla? Check out the Teslarati Marketplace:

Please email me with questions and comments at joey@teslarati.com. I’d love to chat! You can also reach me on Twitter @KlenderJoey, or if you have news tips, you can email us at tips@teslarati.com.

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