Kolkata, the vibrant capital of West Bengal, is known for its rich cultural heritage, delectable cuisine, and diverse weather patterns. The city's unique location, situated in the eastern part of India, makes it prone to a variety of weather conditions throughout the year. Understanding the intricacies of Kolkata's weather is crucial for both locals and tourists alike, as it can significantly impact daily life and travel plans. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the secrets of West Bengal's weather, providing you with a daily forecast to help you navigate the city's climate with ease.
Kolkata's weather is characterized by a tropical wet-and-dry climate, with three distinct seasons: summer, monsoon, and winter. The summer months, which typically last from March to May, are marked by high temperatures and humidity, with average highs reaching 35°C (95°F) and lows of 25°C (77°F). The monsoon season, which spans from June to September, brings significant rainfall and cooler temperatures, with average highs of 30°C (86°F) and lows of 20°C (68°F). The winter months, from October to February, are generally mild, with average highs of 25°C (77°F) and lows of 15°C (59°F).
Key Points
- Kolkata experiences a tropical wet-and-dry climate with three distinct seasons: summer, monsoon, and winter.
- Summer months (March to May) are characterized by high temperatures and humidity, with average highs of 35°C (95°F) and lows of 25°C (77°F).
- Monsoon season (June to September) brings significant rainfall and cooler temperatures, with average highs of 30°C (86°F) and lows of 20°C (68°F).
- Winter months (October to February) are generally mild, with average highs of 25°C (77°F) and lows of 15°C (59°F).
- Understanding the weather forecast is crucial for daily life and travel plans in Kolkata.
Seasonal Weather Patterns in Kolkata
Kolkata’s weather patterns are influenced by its geographical location, with the city situated near the Bay of Bengal. The summer months are dominated by the southwest monsoon winds, which bring hot and humid air from the Arabian Sea. The monsoon season is characterized by the arrival of the southwest monsoon, which brings significant rainfall and cooler temperatures. The winter months are marked by the northeast monsoon winds, which bring cool and dry air from the Himalayas.
The city's weather is also influenced by its proximity to the Ganges River, which runs through the heart of Kolkata. The river plays a significant role in regulating the city's temperature, with the water temperature ranging from 15°C (59°F) in winter to 25°C (77°F) in summer. The river also contributes to the city's humidity, with an average relative humidity of 60% throughout the year.
Temperature and Humidity in Kolkata
The temperature in Kolkata varies significantly throughout the year, with average highs ranging from 25°C (77°F) in winter to 35°C (95°F) in summer. The humidity levels are also high, with an average relative humidity of 60% throughout the year. The city experiences a significant amount of rainfall during the monsoon season, with an average annual rainfall of 1,800 mm (70.9 in).
| Month | Average High Temperature (°C) | Average Low Temperature (°C) | Average Rainfall (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 25 | 15 | 10 |
| February | 27 | 17 | 20 |
| March | 30 | 20 | 30 |
| April | 33 | 23 | 40 |
| May | 35 | 25 | 50 |
| June | 32 | 22 | 100 |
| July | 30 | 20 | 150 |
| August | 29 | 19 | 120 |
| September | 28 | 18 | 80 |
| October | 27 | 17 | 40 |
| November | 25 | 15 | 20 |
| December | 23 | 13 | 10 |
Weather Forecasting in Kolkata
Weather forecasting in Kolkata is a complex task, requiring the analysis of various atmospheric and geographical factors. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is responsible for providing weather forecasts for the city, using a combination of satellite imaging, radar, and ground-based observations. The IMD issues daily weather forecasts, which are available on their website and through various mobile apps.
In addition to the IMD, there are several private weather forecasting agencies that provide weather forecasts for Kolkata. These agencies use advanced computer models and machine learning algorithms to analyze weather patterns and predict future conditions. Some of the popular private weather forecasting agencies in India include Skymet Weather, Weather.com, and AccuWeather.
Impact of Weather on Daily Life in Kolkata
The weather in Kolkata has a significant impact on daily life, with the city’s residents and visitors alike having to adapt to the changing conditions. During the summer months, the heat and humidity can make it difficult to venture outdoors, while the monsoon season can cause flooding and disruptions to transportation. The winter months, on the other hand, are generally mild and pleasant, making it an ideal time to explore the city.
The weather also has a significant impact on the city's economy, with the agricultural sector being particularly affected. The monsoon season is crucial for the city's farmers, who rely on the rainfall to irrigate their crops. The city's infrastructure is also affected by the weather, with the monsoon season often causing flooding and damage to roads and buildings.
What is the best time to visit Kolkata?
+The best time to visit Kolkata is during the winter months, from October to February, when the weather is mild and pleasant. This is an ideal time to explore the city's attractions and enjoy the local cuisine.
How can I stay safe during the monsoon season in Kolkata?
+To stay safe during the monsoon season in Kolkata, it is essential to stay indoors during heavy rainfall and avoid traveling to flooded areas. It is also important to keep an eye on the weather forecast and follow the instructions of local authorities.
What are the most common weather-related hazards in Kolkata?
+The most common weather-related hazards in Kolkata include flooding, heat strokes, and thunderstorms. It is essential to be aware of these hazards and take necessary precautions to stay safe.
In conclusion, the weather in Kolkata is a complex and dynamic phenomenon, with the city experiencing a variety of weather conditions throughout the year. By understanding the seasonal weather patterns, temperature, and humidity, residents and visitors can better plan their daily activities and stay safe. Whether you are a seasoned traveler or a local resident, this guide provides you with the essential information you need to navigate the city’s climate with ease.